1. Antibacterial and Synergistic Effects
VL7 peptide itself shows antibacterial activity against pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Clostridium perfringens. A synergistic effect will be created when VL7 peptide is used together with antibiotics (including but not limited to amoxicillin, tilmicosin, florfenicol, kanamycin sulfate, etc.).
The test showed that the size of bacteriostatic zone significantly increased when tilmicosin was mixed with VL7 peptide. In the antibacterial test against drug-resistant E. Coli and Salmonella, while the antibacterial activity of florfenicol at different concentrations was weak, the mixture (florfenicol + VL7 peptide) exhibited stronger antibacterial activity than florfenicol or VL7 peptide alone. VL7 peptide also inhibits the biofilm formation of pathogens, reduces the adhesion of bacteria, and further improves the effect on bacteria.
2. Anti-Mycoplasma Gallisepticum (Anti-MG) and Anti-Mycoplasma Synoviae (Anti-MS) Effects
In the growth inhibition test of VL7 peptide against MG and MS, the positive control, VL7, and another two anti-mycoplasma drug groups all contained 105 CCU/mL of mycoplasma, while the negative control group did not contain any mycoplasma. After culture, it can be seen that the color of the medium in the positive control group changed from red to yellow due to the growth and metabolism of mycoplasma, and there was no color change in the negative control group and other experimental groups. The results indicated that VL7 peptide effectively inhibited the growth of mycoplasma, and therefore had an effect of anti-mycoplasma.
3. Antiviral Effect
The neutralizing and inhibitory effect of VL7 peptide against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and pseudorabies virus (PRV) was evaluated in vitro.
It can be seen from the results that VL7 peptide effectively reduced the titer of PRRSV and PRV after neutralizing the virus, and had a good effect on inhibiting viral proliferation. VL7 peptide effectively promoted the healthy growth of cells after neutralizing the virus, when compared with the control group of virus-infected cells.
4. Growth Promotion
Supplementation of VL7 peptide to poultry and livestock diets enhances animal immunity, reduces the culling and death rate, improves FCR and feed intake, thus promoting growth.
The results showed that adding VL7 peptide to the diet improved EPI by 24 percentage points by increasing the survival rate and the average weight of broilers at slaughter, and reducing the FCR, thus effectively enhancing the breeding efficiency.
The unique amphiphilic structure of VL7 peptide makes it possible to have such properties as emulsification, foaming, solubilization, and sterilization. Meanwhile, this peptide is non-toxic and biodegradable. It can also be used as a high-quality food emulsifier and preservative, as well as important components of daily necessities and cosmetics.